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Using a VPN is a great way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .

When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.

Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it will become a goal, a decoration for the bad guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.

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Apple can't update thembut the bad guys can't get in either. .

All the products in this roundup explicitly state that they have no back door, and that's as it should be. It does mean that if you encrypt an essential document and then forget the encryption password, then you've lost it for good.

Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document secret you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a protected. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel those options.

One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disc drive that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, each the files you put into it's entirely inaccessible. .

Like the digital drive solution, some products save your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a much larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.

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That is better It really depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial offered by each one of these products to have a sense of the different options.

After you copy a file into protected storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you definitely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you skip the Recycle Bin, because the data still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. .

Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disk with an encrypted version. It is more common, however, to offer secure deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .

Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known information and reading around the edges of what's left.

An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other document into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.

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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the merchandise accumulated here support AES. Even the ones that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.

If you are an encryption specialist, you may prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.

Passwords are important, and you must keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.

With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. Another is private, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a key document, I just encrypt it with your public key.

Simple! .

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Using this system in reverse, you can create a digital signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it's all the why not try here proof you need. PKI service is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .

If you want to talk about a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.